A review of friction stir joining of SiCp/Al composites

SiCp/Al composites have excellent comprehensive properties and have been widely used in aerospace, automotive industry and other fields. Due to the huge difference in performance between SiC particles and matrix alloys, traditional fusion welding methods are difficult to meet the join requirements of SiCp/Al composites. Friction stir joining (friction stir welding), as a solid phase joining process, has been proved to be a new technology with fine prospect in joining SiCp/Al composites compared with fusion welding process. Although some progress has been made in recent years, there are still full of challenges. In this paper, the research status of friction stir joining of SiCp/Al composites in recent years is expatiated, including the weldability of SiCp/Al composites, the macrostructure and the microstructure of joints, mechanical properties of joints, and tool wear and monitoring. Furthermore, the existing challenges of friction stir joining of SiCp/Al composites are summarized and the future development directions are prospected.     

摩擦焊设备振动油缸的性能分析

液压式摩擦焊设备是将电液伺服控制技术运用到摩擦焊接领域的一种先进设备。通过分析系统振动油缸的频率,找出影响频率的关键因素,深入分析这些因素对振动油缸伺服控制系统的影响,并利用AMESim仿真软件对该系统进行建模分析,验证了分析结果,并总结出改进系统的几点措施,为摩擦焊设备的设计改进提供了理论依据。。     

一种铍合金材料的结构和性能

对国外某型号飞机所用的铍合金刹车材料进行了密度测试、结构观察、化学元素分析、力学、物理和摩擦性能表征,并与C/C、C/SiC复合材料和粉末冶金材料的相关性能作了对比,结果表明,粉末冶金铍合金材料密度低,力学和摩擦性能优异,是一种很有发展前途的刹车材料.     

TC11电子束焊接接头组织分析

以20mm厚TC11电子束焊接试样为研究对象,进行金相分析和显微硬度测试。对20mm板厚TC11钛合金电子束焊接接头组织及显微硬度进行了分析研究。比较分析了接头的焊缝、热影响区及各过渡界面的组织状态,并对不同组织的形成机理进行了阐释。     

钛合金胶接点焊接头的性能检测

研究了不同焊接电流下钛合金板胶接点焊接头的A扫描信号和C扫描图像特征,并进行了拉伸-剪切试验。结果表明:通过观察C扫描图像的特征与A扫描信号的变化,能够划分胶接点焊接头的胶层区、热影响区、熔合区、熔核区以及焊接缺陷;随着电流(7~10 k A)的逐渐增大,接头熔核直径呈递增趋势,相应的失效载荷从7 231.5增加到10 939.0 N;当电流为7 k A时,在C扫描图像上反映出飞溅缺陷,此时接头失效载荷远小于没有出现飞溅的接头,可见飞溅降低了胶接点焊接头的拉剪载荷。     

线性摩擦焊设备的振动测量和分析

针对线性摩擦焊设备焊接误差较大的问题，采用参数记录系统和加速度传感器测量了设备多个部位的振动幅度，并设计了高刚度顶锻滑台，为线性摩擦焊设备优化结构设计、减小振动以提高焊接精度提供了参考。     

大厚度比零件（外侧）和波纹管（内侧）的缝焊研究

某重点型号波纹管组合件的设计要求是缝焊，对照以往产品的结构，比较明显的情况是波纹管在零件的内侧。零件的厚度是3mm，波纹管的厚度是0.1mm，零件与波纹管的厚度比比较大。波纹管在零件的内侧会产生一个问题：波纹管在焊接过程中会逐渐收缩，到最后与零件之间产生间隙，导致局部形不成焊缝。研究通过减小车配间隙,增加冷却手段、滚轮厚度和压力等措施来实现大厚度比的零件和波纹管之间的缝焊。     

蜂窝结构的焊点位置控制方法研究

蜂窝结构是航空发动机中的重要封严结构,随着航空航天工业的飞速发展,该结构的需求也日益增多。蜂窝拼焊的自动化生产是实现蜂窝结构高效率生产的有效方法之一。针对蜂窝结构自动化生产中的关键问题,即焊点的位置精度,分析了原有工艺和系统的不足。在基于ACR9000运动控制器平台上,针对焊点精度,分别提出了基于电机编码器的位置控制和轴同步原理的方式。结果证明,这两种方法能够很好地实现焊点位置的精度要求,使蜂窝高质量高效率生产。     

C/C素坯密度对GSIC/C-SiC复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

采用气相渗硅工艺(GSI)制备C/C-Si C复合材料,研究了C/C素坯密度对GSI C/C-Si C复合材料物相组成与摩擦磨损性能的影响,分析了C/C-Si C复合材料的制动过程,并归纳了其摩擦磨损机理。结果表明,随着C/C素坯密度的增大,GSI C/C-Si C复合材料的密度呈递减趋势,且C含量和开气孔率逐渐增加,而Si C含量和残余Si含量逐渐减少;自对偶条件下,复合材料的平均摩擦系数、磨损率均呈现先增大后减小的趋势,当C/C素坯密度为1.25g/cm3时有最大值,而制动稳定系数则不断增大。GSI C/C-Si C复合材料的制动过程是犁沟效应和粘着效应共同作用的结果,制动初始阶段和刹停阶段以犁沟效应为主,中间阶段以粘着效应为主。     

Laminar flow control research at TsAGI: Past and present

This paper presents a brief review of activities in laminar flow control being performed at the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute named after Prof. N.E. Zhukovsky (TsAGI). These efforts are focused on the improvement of the existing laminar flow control methods and on the development of new ones. The investigations have demonstrated the effectiveness of aircraft surface laminarization applications with the aim of friction drag reduction. The opportunity of considerable delaying of laminar-turbulent transition due to special wing profile geometry and using boundary layer suction and surface cooling has been verified at sub- and supersonic speeds through various wind tunnel testing at TsAGI and during flying laboratory experiments at the Flight Research Institute (LII). The investigations on using hybrid laminar flow control systems for friction drag reduction were also carried out. New techniques of laminar flow control were proposed, in particular, the method of local heating of the wing leading edge, boundary layer laminarization by means of receptivity control, and electrohydrodynamic methods of boundary layer stability control.